Volume-8 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2015

Abstract: Energy requirement is increasing around the world due to changes in life styles, population increase as well as industrialization efforts.The standard of living of a given country can be directly related to the per capital energy consumption. Kinetics of anaerobic digestion and gas generation from organic sources has posed several new challenges because of the variety in the feedstock as well as the different processes for gas generation. Bio-wastes were used for this study and gas production rate was developed from the solution of mass balance equation with equal flow of input and output. Anaerobic digestion reaction followed a first order kinetics. The trend of Ea (Cow dung > Poultry > Domestic > Combined) shows that the system with the lowest Ea gives the highest yield. Delay in commencement of gas production is explained by their higher value of activation energy. Different feed stocks have different rates of gas production as well as varied retention time.
Keywords: Activation energy, biogas, reaction rate, organic waste.

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Abstract: Phytochemicals are non nutritive bioactive chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants, which are considered to have beneficial effect on human health and have disease preventive properties. The phytochemical compositions of the leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii Harms, used widely in soup preparation in Nigeria were studied. The ethanol extract of the leaves was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Seven (7) Phyto-constituents were identified from the leaves with fagasterol or lupeol constituting the bulk of the oil (42.04%), followed by oleic acid (20.38%), and palmitic acid (11.46%). Other constituents are: 1,2,3,4 Butanetetrol or Erythritol (5.73%), N,N Dimethyl-2-propyn-1- amine (4.46%), 1,2-Benzenediol (7.64%), 4-Hydroxypiperidine (8.28%), and n-Hexadecanoic acid (11.46%).

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[4]. Awa, E. P., Ibrahim, S. and Ameh, D. A. (2012). GC/MS Analysis and antimicrobial activity of Diethyl ether fraction of Methanolic extract from the stem bark of Annona senegalensis pers. IJPSR, 3(11), 4213- 4218.
[5]. Awol, A. (2014). Phytochemical Screening, Proximate and Mineral Composition of Sweet Potato Leaves Grown in Tepi Provision, South- west of Ethiopia. Star Journal 3(3): 112-115

Abstract: The present study deals with the solvent effect on the electronic spectra of 2,4-dihydroxy-5-fluoropyrimidine i.e, the effect of polar solvents are ethanol, methanol, and water has been studied on the electronic transitions of the title molecule both experimentally and theoretically. The homo lumo analysis has been studied. Theoretical calculations are made with the help of Gaussian 03 by using HF and density functional theory DFT/B3LYP with complete relaxation using 6-31++G(d,p) basis set. The variation of pH also has been discussed. The mulliken charges have been computed and discussed.

Keywords: 2,4,5 DHFP; UV spectrum, HOMO-LUMO, pH effect, Mulliken charge.

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Abstract: Quantitative determination of six heavy metal ions viz, Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe and Zn in the water samples of Balapur, Jeedimetla, Patancheru and Tarnaka areas of Hyderabad city have been carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Calibrations were constructed for the six metals using standard solution. The analysis showed that the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cr are moderately high in the water samples of Balapur and Patancheru where as Cu, Fe and Zn had no significant differences of concentrations compared to standard given by WHO. Twenty water samples collected from different bore wells of each area.

Key words: Heavy metal ions, Analysis, Atomic absorption spectrophotometry..

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